SpaceX Seeks Record $75 Billion IPO, Potentially Positioning Elon Musk as the World's First Trillionaire

SpaceX Seeks to Raise $75 Billion in Largest Initial Public Offering in History

SpaceX, the pioneering rocket and satellite company founded by US billionaire Elon Musk, is seeking to raise approximately $75 billion through what could become the largest initial public offering (IPO) in history. According to a regulatory filing released on Wednesday, the planned offering would value the company at approximately $1.765 trillion, underscoring investor confidence in a business that has revolutionized commercial spaceflight and expanded into satellite internet services.

The filing states that SpaceX intends to sell 555,555,555 shares at an initial offering price of $135 per share. With roughly 13 billion shares outstanding, the proposed pricing would place the company's market value at $1.765 trillion. This valuation would surpass the previous fundraising record set by Saudi Aramco, which raised $25.6 billion in its 2019 public listing.

Analysts suggest that the transaction could also position Musk, already regarded as the world's richest individual, to become humanity's first trillionaire. SpaceX absorbed Musk's artificial intelligence venture, xAI, in February, following xAI's acquisition of the social media platform X, formerly known as Twitter, one year earlier. Additional consolidation within Musk's corporate network is anticipated in 2027, when SpaceX is expected to combine with electric vehicle maker Tesla, a company increasingly concentrating on robotics, energy systems, and autonomous transportation technologies.

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A major contributor to SpaceX's financial strength has been StarLink, its satellite broadband operation that began service in 2020. The network disrupted the satellite internet industry by offering comparatively fast and affordable connectivity. According to the company, StarLink now serves approximately 10.3 million subscribers across 164 markets worldwide. Revenue generated by StarLink has become an important source of funding for the company's capital-intensive activities.

SpaceX is expected to play a significant part in future Artemis missions, which aim to return astronauts to the lunar surface in 2028. The company and its main rival, Blue Origin, founded by Jeff Bezos, are both developing lunar landers intended for future missions. While schedules remain subject to change, NASA has indicated it hopes to conduct an in-orbit rendezvous test involving its spacecraft and one or two lunar landers in 2027, paving the way for a lunar landing the following year.

The company has repeatedly highlighted its goal of sending humans to Mars. It has even linked a substantial bonus package for Musk to the objective of establishing a Martian settlement containing one million residents. Musk has described those ambitions as essential to the long-term survival of humanity.

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Until SpaceX shares begin trading publicly, direct investment opportunities remain largely limited to major financial institutions such as banks and pension funds, as well as extremely wealthy individuals. By the time retail investors gain access, many of the outsized returns that created fortunes for early technology investors may already have been realized.

Despite becoming a publicly traded company, Musk is expected to maintain firm control. The filing notes that he will hold more than 80 percent of the voting power, enabling him to "control the outcome of matters requiring shareholder approval."

Founded in 2002, SpaceX has repeatedly achieved milestones in private space exploration. In 2012, one year after NASA retired the Space Shuttle program, the company became the first private operator to dock a spacecraft with the International Space Station. Since then, it has carried out regular cargo missions to the orbiting laboratory.